Autonomous trucks are no longer science fiction—they’re being tested on highways today. For trucking company owners and general managers, this emerging technology isn’t just about operational efficiency or cost savings. It’s set to fundamentally change how commercial trucking insurance works. As automation evolves, questions about liability, coverage types, and risk management are becoming more complex—and forward-thinking fleets must begin preparing now.

One of the most significant shifts will be in liability assignment. Today, when a human driver is involved in a crash, the driver and employer are typically held responsible. But with autonomous trucks, fault may shift to the manufacturer, software developer, or systems integrator. This means that the traditional commercial auto liability policy may need to evolve to include product liability coverage, cybersecurity protection, and new endorsements specific to autonomous operation. Fleet managers will need to work closely with brokers to ensure their coverage matches the realities of semi- or fully autonomous truck deployment.

Another factor to consider is how autonomous vehicle technology could affect insurance premiums and underwriting models. As automation reduces the number of human-caused accidents—such as those stemming from fatigue, distraction, or improper maneuvering—insurers may eventually offer reduced rates for fleets using advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) or autonomous capabilities. However, until the industry gathers enough real-world data, insurance carriers may price in uncertainty, leading to higher rates for early adopters or requirements for specialized policies. This transition period could be a financial challenge for fleets not accounting for these changes in their risk management planning.

In addition to liability and cost considerations, autonomous trucks will also impact regulatory compliance and fleet risk management protocols. With systems handling navigation and driving, companies may need to maintain new types of maintenance logs, cybersecurity controls, and technology audits. Safety managers will also shift focus—from driver training to system monitoring and incident response planning. As a result, the role of fleet insurance will extend beyond traditional coverage to include technology-related exposures, requiring trucking companies to work with insurers that understand this evolving risk landscape.

While full automation may still be years away from widespread adoption, the shift has already begun. Trucking companies that proactively assess how autonomous technology could impact their insurance needs will be better positioned to reduce liability, control costs, and remain compliant. As this transformation unfolds, one thing is clear: the future of trucking insurance will be shaped as much by algorithms as by drivers—and successful fleets will adapt accordingly.